C# in , out , ref , params
params 修飾詞
MSDN當傳入array時可用,此時參數的數目不定
可傳入陣列
可傳入元素
可以什麼都不傳,此時陣列長度為0
在params之後不許有其他參數(params要放在最後一個參數)
且只能有一個params
//當有這樣一個陣列
Object[] ary = new object[3] { 300, 'x', "abc" };
//這個方法的參數宣告為params
private void TestFunc(params Object[] ary)//我們可以直接傳入一組物件
TestFunc(200,'d',"xxx");
完整範例
public class MyClass
{
public static void UseParams(params int[] list)
{
for (int i = 0; i < list.Length; i++)
{
Console.Write(list[i] + " ");
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
public static void UseParams2(params object[] list)
{
for (int i = 0; i < list.Length; i++)
{
Console.Write(list[i] + " ");
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
static void Main()
{
// You can send a comma-separated list of arguments of the
// specified type.
UseParams(1, 2, 3, 4);
UseParams2(1, 'a', "test");
// A params parameter accepts zero or more arguments.
// The following calling statement displays only a blank line.
UseParams2();
// An array argument can be passed, as long as the array
// type matches the parameter type of the method being called.
int[] myIntArray = { 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
UseParams(myIntArray);
object[] myObjArray = { 2, 'b', "test", "again" };
UseParams2(myObjArray);
// The following call causes a compiler error because the object
// array cannot be converted into an integer array.
//UseParams(myObjArray);
// The following call does not cause an error, but the entire
// integer array becomes the first element of the params array.
UseParams2(myIntArray);
}
}
/*
Output:
1 2 3 4
1 a test
5 6 7 8 9
2 b test again
System.Int32[]
*/
ref 修飾詞
MSDN把參數用傳參考的方式傳入函式
在宣告和呼叫的參數前都加上ref
參數在傳遞前一定要初始化
被傳入的參數,在函式被修改,也會改到他原本的值
屬性不能做為ref的參數
這樣子不構成重載,會報錯
public void SampleMethod(out int i) { }
public void SampleMethod(ref int i) { }
這樣子可以public void SampleMethod(int i) { }
public void SampleMethod(ref int i) { }
out 修飾詞
MSDN把參數用傳參考的方式傳入函式
參數在傳遞錢不一定要初始化
在宣告和呼叫的參數前都加上out
被傳入的參數,在函式被修改,也會改到他原本的值
函式可宣告多個out參數
在函式中一定要對out參數附值,否則報錯
直接在函式中修改out參數,就等於是回傳值
private void Test(out int a, out int b)
{
a =3;
b=5;
}
private void Call()
{
int x=0;
int y=4;
}
Test(out x, out y);
參數原本的值會被更動
class OutReturnExample
{
static void Method(out int i, out string s1, out string s2)
{
i = 44;
s1 = "I've been returned";
s2 = null;
}
static void Main()
{
int value;
string str1, str2;
Method(out value, out str1, out str2);
// value is now 44
// str1 is now "I've been returned"
// str2 is (still) null;
}
}
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